Electronic police
Electronic police is a method of using automated detection and measurement technology to capture traffic violations or traffic accidents, and use the network to transmit the collected information back to the public security department for analysis and processing, and use this as evidence to punish the perpetrators to reduce accidents and assist traffic police Working method.
The key to the "electronic police" being widely recognized by the industry and society is that it can literally describe the functions of the devices and systems in actual use more accurately.
"Electronics" covers such equipment and systems with modern advanced technology, including: video detection technology, computer technology, modern control technology, communication technology, computer network and database technology, etc.
definition:
narrow sense
Commonly known as the "red light running automatic recording system", it can be installed at signal-controlled intersections and road sections, and is a system that continuously and automatically detects and records the red light running behavior of motor vehicles in designated lanes.
Generalized
A system that can be installed at intersections and road sections to continuously and automatically detect and record the driving behavior of motor vehicles in designated lanes.
basic introduction:
The high-definition red light electronic police system uses advanced photoelectric, computer, image processing, pattern recognition, remote data access and other technologies. Using the condition that each vehicle corresponds to a unique license plate number, the vehicle and license plate images of each motor vehicle passing by the monitored road are continuously recorded in real-time all-weather. Vehicle detection is carried out with ground-sensing coil and video detection. When the moving target exceeds the speed limit or the intersection signal is in the red light state, the (integrated) high-definition camera captures the illegal vehicle, and completely captures 3 pictures of the vehicle's violation process. The picture clearly shows information such as signal light status, parking line location, illegal lane, license plate number of illegal vehicle, license plate color, body color, vehicle type, illegal time, location, vehicle speed and driving direction. All the captured data is sent back to the traffic police data center through the network for processing. Through this information, it is connected with the vehicle management warehouse in the corresponding area to analyze and obtain whether the current vehicle is a legal vehicle. At the same time, a database of illegal images and speed information is generated, and the data has a network query function. The high-definition red light electronic police system is widely used in urban crossroads, sidewalks, time-limited roads, main and auxiliary road entrances and exits, bus lanes, etc. It is used for effective evidence collection of illegal acts of running a red light. The system can provide information for public security departments to effectively combat speeding, robbery, blacklisted motor vehicle crimes, detect traffic accidents and escape cases, analyze traffic conditions, strengthen public security management and other illegal activities, and provide traffic management for local public security and traffic police departments. Important clues and basis.
Background:
In early May 1996, the Research Institute of Public Security and Transportation Administration of Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau worked with us to test the first domestic "Red Light Automatic Camera" at the intersection of Xisi Road in Beijing and succeeded. In the same year, the Beijing Municipal Institute of Transportation Engineering Science applied for the establishment of the project, and the Science and Technology Committee allocated special funds to support the Beijing Institute of Transportation Engineering Science to cooperate with us in the research and development of the "video vehicle running red light automatic monitoring system". After the successful development of the system, from 1996 to early 1998, the "video motor vehicle running red light automatic monitoring system" and "video motor vehicle speeding automatic monitoring system" were installed in Beijing, Jinan, Changsha, Fuzhou, Hangzhou, Xi'an, Luoyang, Qiqihar, Manzhouli and other places. Monitoring System". Although news media such as television stations, radio stations, newspapers and magazines all over the country made a lot of publicity reports at that time, they used different words, such as "electronic eyes", "hot eyes and golden eyes".
Overview:
Electronic police explained purely physically: A typical "electronic police" is usually composed of image detection (vehicle sensing), shooting, acquisition, processing, transmission and management, auxiliary light sources, auxiliary brackets and related supporting equipment. There are mainly two application types, fixed and mobile, and two working modes, automatic and manual operation.
species:
Of course, there are three types of "electronic police": film type "electronic police", digital type "electronic police", and video type "electronic police".
As the perfect combination of video surveillance and intelligent transportation system, the electronic police system has always been the focus of development and attention from all walks of life. China's electronic police system has ushered in greater opportunities and challenges from R&D to application. As an enterprise, as long as it follows the upcoming "General Technical Requirements for Automatic Recording System for Red Light Running" and "General Technical Requirements for Highway Vehicle Intelligent Monitoring and Recording System" standards, the electronic police system can realize data sharing, thereby realizing illegal transmission across the country. , To truly play the role of "regulating the order of traffic at intersections in China, ensuring the smooth flow of roads and preventing or even eliminating traffic accidents."
The "electronic police" in China's road traffic management system was born with the development of science and technology, and is a product of an era. As an effective means of modern road traffic safety management, it can quickly monitor, capture, and deal with traffic violations, quickly obtain evidence of violations, provide effective monitoring methods, and play an important role in improving urban traffic congestion. It has become a road An indispensable and important member of the traffic management team to give full play to its accurate and fair law enforcement role.
working principle:
Technology Introduction
1. The electronic eye uses a sensor line to sense the pressure from the car on the road, collects the signal to the central processing unit through the sensor, and sends it to the register for temporary storage (the data is valid during a red light cycle);
2. In the same time interval (in the red light cycle), if two pulse signals are generated at the same time, it is considered "effective". Simply put, if the red light is at that time, your head wheel has passed the line, and then the rear wheel If there is no line, only one pulse is generated. When there are no two consecutive pulses, no photo is taken;
3. In some cases, some people crossed the line with the front wheel of the car and were afraid of being photographed, so he reversed the car again and returned to the line, but he was still photographed. What is the reason? It is because one pair of pulse signals are generated one after the other (the pair of pulses are generated in the same red light cycle), and I was shot n times because of this. But most of the induction coils of electronic police have a logical recognition function, and it is not necessary to take snapshots in this situation.
4. When the yellow light is on, the camera system will start after a delay of 2s; when the red light is on, the system has started; when the green light is about to turn on, the system will be turned off 2s in advance, mainly to prevent mistaking. So many taxi drivers know that they are almost ready to leave, and that`s the reason they are all right. But I suggest that you don't do this, because the timing is more difficult to grasp.
Post-processing
After the image is downloaded and transmitted to the command center, the image needs to be registered, numbered, and announced, and then transmitted to the central computer database for various agencies to call.
System Features
Vehicle capture rate -----100%.
Recognition time-----about 1 second.
The license plate recognition rate is over 95% during the day and over 90% at night.
Applicable vehicle speed ------5-180Km/h.
Snapshot principle
There are two ways, one is to bury the induction coil underground, and to set up a digital camera on the crossbar to capture red light, and the other is to set up a camera to record real-time video of speeding and illegal parking. Either way, at least three pictures will be taken of the illegal vehicle, one is the momentary violation picture, the other is the number plate recognition picture, and the other is the panoramic picture. Either way, the camera is turned on 24 hours a day, and the picture retention time is generally one week.
Process
When the command center receives the picture, it compares the license plate number information with the information from the vehicle management station, so as to retrieve the comprehensive information of the vehicle, such as the owner, model, color, etc., and then the information processing personnel enters it into the website of the Beijing Municipal Public Security and Transportation Administration. In order to enable the owners of illegal vehicles to make inquiries.
Information loss
Not all illegal vehicles can be photographed. Only when the license plate picture is clear, the information entry personnel can input the illegal vehicles into the database for processing.
Shooting range
A camera usually shoots two lanes, a few can shoot three lanes, and they are usually set on the first and second lanes from left to right. Digital cameras have a wide shooting range, so most of the urban areas can capture all lanes in the same direction.
Work characteristics
1. Vehicle speed monitoring dzjz starts after the vehicle speed exceeds the specified 20km
2. The red light monitoring dzjc starts after the red light is on for 3 seconds
Pros and cons
Optical camera electronic police
Advantages: simple and reliable system, low maintenance, low cost, long life, clearer license plate photos, simple control unit, electronic flash fill light for night photos, and one camera can capture multiple lanes.
Disadvantages: The photos are in the form of film, the number of photos is small, the workload of manual film replacement is large, the film and photos need to be developed, the post-production cost is high, and the photos cannot be transferred. Cannot capture continuously.
Video camera electronic police
Advantages: The camera is an industrial-grade product that can take continuous snapshots. The system is composed of an industrial computer (or embedded computer) + image card + I/O card. Photos can be transmitted, and license plate numbers can be automatically identified after adding license plate recognition software. Has now transitioned from standard-definition cameras to high-definition cameras. Convenient for remote login and background maintenance.
Disadvantages: the red light cannot be identified under strong sunlight, the evidence is not very convincing, the LED light is used to fill the light, the effect of night photos is poor, and there are many invalid photos. The system is composed of multiple cameras. Each lane uses one camera to shoot the license plate. The panoramic view can share one camera. The inability to see the red light is the fatal problem of the system. In addition, the system is complex, poor reliability, large maintenance, high cost, short life, difficult to install and debug, and video electronic police all have phenomena such as high temperature crashes of intersection industrial computers or embedded computers.
Digital camera electronic police
Advantages: high photo pixels (4-10 million), clear photos, electronic flash fill light for night photos, a camera can capture multiple lanes, low cost, can best reflect the three elements of running a red light in a photo , The red lights, license plates, and stop lines are clear and defensible, and the evidence is strong. Photos can be downloaded at intersections, wired or wirelessly transmitted. The fixed-focus digital camera solution can adapt to the new electronic police requirements. It is a high-quality and low-cost solution with strong persuasiveness and conforms to the standards of the Ministry of Public Security. It adopts embedded computer control and the Linux operating system runs stably. Under the conditions of high temperature, high humidity and mechanical vibration at intersections, the system has good stability and reliability. Fixed-focus digital cameras are simple to transform, have good stability, low prices, and have a life span of more than three years.
Disadvantages: fixed-focus digital cameras cannot take continuous shots, while SLR digital cameras can take continuous shots. But the price of SLR digital cameras is 5-6 times that of fixed-focus digital cameras. The lifespan of the electronic flash is not as long as the LED fill light, and it needs to be replaced frequently (2-3 months), but the fill light effect of the electronic flash is the best.
Technical details:
Monitoring System
The red light violation monitoring system is a network-based distributed system. The system is divided into four parts: front-end video detection and capture system, intersection local data processing system, remote data transmission system, central data management and punishment system. The system is mainly installed at traffic intersections to monitor all-weather illegal motor vehicles running red lights. It can not only take photos of illegal vehicles, but also automatically judge and recognize the license plates and trajectories of illegal vehicles in real time.
Overspeed detection
In addition to running red lights, violations such as speeding on the road are also an important cause of traffic accidents. Using an overspeed detection system can handle this problem well. It is understood that the motor vehicle speeding detection system is a real-time response system. It uses video image processing technology to perform non-contact monitoring of vehicles on highway lanes to obtain operating status information such as speeding vehicle speeds, license plate numbers, and illegal photos. Each lane only Set up a CCD (camera) to detect and record the information of speeding vehicles on highways or urban roads accurately, stably and all-weather.
Vehicle inspection
The mobile vehicle inspection system is a real-time inspection system that integrates advanced technologies such as vehicle video detection, radar speed measurement, automatic license plate recognition, and real-time comparison of vehicle inspection databases. The system can perform speed measurement, license plate capture, identification and comparison of driving vehicles, and without affecting normal traffic, it can automatically inspect vehicles in violation of regulations in real time and effectively carry out traffic law enforcement. It is understood that the traffic police departments in many cities such as Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Hefei, Changchun are equipped with similar mobile vehicle inspection systems, and the application effect is relatively good.
Reverse capture police:
The rear number plates of some vehicles are seriously defaced, and the rear number plates of some vehicles are installed improperly, causing the electronic police to fail to identify effectively. In response to such problems, a reverse electronic police that captures the number plate in front of the vehicle is installed, and the front and rear number plates of the vehicle are captured at the same time, which can solve the problem of vehicle license plate recognition. At the same time, the electronic police system will also impose severe penalties on traffic violations of inconsistent front and rear number plates, deliberate obstruction of the rear number plates, and failure to hang the rear number plates.
The electronic police system has been punishing large trucks for illegal acts entering the market in violation of the prohibition regulations. In the process of law enforcement, the traffic police department discovered that some large trucks had their rear number plates defaced and were not installed in accordance with regulations. The traffic violations of such vehicles were also the focus of the electronic police system. At present, the freight vehicle pass processing system has completed the docking with the electronic police system. Any freight vehicles that have not obtained a road permit and enter the prohibited area or road section in violation of regulations will be automatically identified by the electronic police system and will be punished off-site.
Whether the reverse camera captures illegal behaviors such as not wearing seat belts according to regulations, driving smoking, making calls, adding traffic jams, etc., is not a key issue. How to ensure driving safety is a fundamental issue worthy of attention. Although traffic violations such as not wearing seat belts, adding traffic jams, driving and smoking, and making phone calls may seem minor, traffic accidents caused by this are not uncommon. The traffic police department reminds traffic participants to consciously abandon bad traffic habits, drive safely and travel in a civilized manner.
