According to the types of lamps used in road lighting design and the height of the poles, road lighting poles can be divided into three categories: conventional poles, medium poles, and high poles. Conventional
light poles can be divided into wooden poles, reinforced concrete poles, steel poles and glass fiber reinforced plastic poles according to the material. The poles for medium and high pole lighting are mainly made of steel. The decorative courtyard lamps are summarized and casted by aluminum alloy lamps. Aluminum or cast iron poles, ceramic poles, etc. The lamp arm (frame) on the top of the pole has forms such as single pick, double pick and dobby. The most widely used road lighting is the steel pole, which has the advantages of beautiful, strong and durable. This chapter mainly introduces steel poles.
1. Steel poles can be divided into equal-diameter poles, cones, and polygonal cones. The common typical cross-sectional shapes are hexagons, octagons, and circles. Usually, the whole steel plate is cut and formed by folding at one time. The light pole taper ratio is generally 10‰~12.5‰, using high-quality steel plate such as Q235 type, and the wall thickness is ≥3.5 or 4.0mm. The advantages of the tapered steel pole are reasonable structure, novel and beautiful appearance, and convenient construction and installation.
2. The installation methods of steel poles are divided into three types: direct-buried, flanged and tiltable. The direct-buried type is simple to install. The entire light pole is directly buried in the earth pit, returned to the soil and tamped or fixed by concrete pouring on site. The disadvantage is that the light pole must be re-poured for maintenance and updating. The flange-type light pole is connected by the bottom flange of the light pole and the prefabricated reinforced concrete foundation foot bolts. The installation is extremely simple, and the replacement of the light pole does not need to redo the foundation. This is currently the most widely used installation method. Due to the limited installation environment of the light pole or the lack of corresponding maintenance equipment, the tilting light pole can be selected. The existing tilting light poles mostly use mechanical and hydraulic systems, which are easy to operate and safe, but the one-time investment is relatively high. Commonly used cone light pole design data can be found in the "Urban Lighting Project Construction Manual" published by China Electric Power Press.
3. Directly buried steel poles, the allowable deviation of its length (including the buried part) is ±0.5% of the pole length.
4. Flange-type steel lamp pole, the allowable deviation of its length is ±0.5% of the pole length.
5. The allowable deviation of the cross-sectional dimension of the light pole shaft is ±0.5%.
6. The size of the maintenance operation door and frame is allowed to be ±5mm according to the design requirements. The door locks and hinges are flexible and have anti-theft functions.
7. The steel pole should be hot-dip galvanized, and the thickness of the galvanized layer should not be less than 65μm. The surface painting and plastic spraying treatment should be performed after hot-dip galvanizing the pole, and the parts modified due to straightening and other factors should not exceed 2 locations, and the trim area must not exceed 5% of the shaft surface area.
8. Light poles and light arms (frames) are hot-dip galvanized and then painted and coated. Their appearance, adhesion, and heat resistance should be checked and accepted according to the current standard QB1551-P2 "Lamp Paint Coating".
9. The lamp poles and lamp arms (frames) are sprayed, and the covering layer should be free of defects such as bulges, pinholes, roughness, cracks or missing spray areas, and the covering layer and the lamp pole substrate should have a firm bonding strength.
